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Isomers of Alkenes.

Changing the position of the double bond in an alkene
makes a different isomer.
Butene and pentene exist as different isomers.
Compare these with the isomers of butane and pentane on the previous pages.

Pentene (C₅H₁₀) is commonly represented by the molecule pent-1-ene
which has the structural formula

Other isomers of pentene
can be drawn by changing the place of the double bond
or by changing the way that the carbon atoms are joined to each other.

The other isomers of pentene are pent-2-ene
represented by the structural formula

2-methylbut-1-ene, represented by the structural formula

3-methylbut-1-ene, represented by the structural formula

and 2-methylbut-2-ene, represented by the structural formula

where the double lines between the carbon atoms
represent a double covalent bond.
The single lines represent single covalent bonds.

Note that each carbon atom has four bonds (valency 4),
and each hydrogen atom has one bond (valency 1).
Valency is the combining power of an atom.

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Copyright © 2008 Dr. Colin France. All Rights Reserved.